Construction machinery, also known as heavy equipment or construction equipment, encompasses a wide range of mechanical devices used in construction and infrastructure projects. These machines are designed to perform various tasks related to building, excavation, demolition, material handling, and more. Here are some common types of construction machinery:

1. **Excavators:** Excavators are versatile machines equipped with a bucket or arm that can dig, scoop, and remove soil and debris. They are commonly used for excavation, digging trenches, grading, and material handling.

2. **Backhoe Loaders:** Backhoe loaders combine a front-mounted loader and a rear-mounted excavator arm. They are used for digging, loading, trenching, and other tasks on construction sites.

3. **Bulldozers:** Bulldozers have a large blade on the front that can push and level soil, debris, and other materials. They are used for earthmoving, grading, and land clearing.

4. **Wheel Loaders:** Wheel loaders are used to scoop, lift, and transport materials, such as gravel, sand, and debris. They are commonly used in material handling and loading trucks.

5. **Skid-Steer Loaders:** These compact machines have a small turning radius and are ideal for working in tight spaces. They are used for tasks like lifting, digging, and debris removal.

6. **Cranes:** Cranes are used to lift and move heavy objects and materials. Different types of cranes include tower cranes, mobile cranes, crawler cranes, and overhead cranes.

7. **Dump Trucks:** Dump trucks are used to transport loose materials, such as soil, gravel, and construction debris. They have a hydraulically operated bed that can be tilted to unload the materials.

8. **Compactors:** Compactors are used to compress and flatten soil, gravel, and other materials to create a stable base for construction. Types include vibratory compactors and roller compactors.

9. **Pavers:** Pavers are used in road construction to lay asphalt or concrete surfaces. They spread and level the material to create smooth and even roadways.

10. **Concrete Mixers:** Concrete mixers are used to mix cement, aggregates, water, and other additives to create concrete for construction projects.

11. **Graders:** Graders are used for fine grading and leveling of surfaces. They are often used to prepare road beds and create proper drainage.

12. **Trenchers:** Trenchers are used to dig trenches for utilities such as water pipelines, electrical cables, and drainage systems.

13. **Pile Drivers:** Pile drivers are used to drive piles (large columns) into the ground for foundation support in construction projects.

14. **Demolition Equipment:** This category includes machinery like hydraulic breakers, crushers, and wrecking balls used for demolishing structures.

15. **Drilling Rigs:** Drilling rigs are used for creating holes in the ground for various purposes, such as building foundations, wells, and geotechnical testing.

16. **Loaders:** Loaders are used for loading materials onto trucks, moving debris, and performing other material-handling tasks.

17. **Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs):** TBMs are used for excavating tunnels through soil and rock in underground construction projects.

18. **Concrete Pumps:** Concrete pumps are used to transfer liquid concrete to construction sites, particularly in high-rise buildings or inaccessible areas.

These are just a few examples of the many types of construction machinery available. Each type of equipment serves specific purposes in construction projects, ranging from earthmoving and foundation work to finishing and material transportation. Advances in technology continue to drive the development of more efficient, precise, and specialized construction machinery.